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Whale meal

IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This datasheet is pending revision and updating; its contents are currently derived from FAO's Animal Feed Resources Information System (1991-2002) and from Bo Göhl's Tropical Feeds (1976-1982).

Datasheet

Description
Click on the "Nutritional aspects" tab for recommendations for ruminants, pigs, poultry, rabbits, horses, fish and crustaceans
Common names 
Whale waste, whale meal, whale products
Feed categories 
Related feed(s) 
Description 
By-product of commercial processing of whales.
Processes 
Whales are processed only on a commercial scale. During the processing the whale meat is heated using steam and is broken down into a slurry releasing the oil, which is the primary product. The oil is then centrifuged off and the remaining material is divided into liquid and solid fractions. The solid material is dried, ground and marketed as whale meal. The liquid fraction can be concentrated and acidified and sold as whale solubles.
Nutritional aspects
Nutritional attributes 
Whale meal and whale solubles are good sources of crude protein and water soluble vitamins, including B-12. Whale meal has primarily been used as a supplemental source of protein for monogastric animals.
Potential constraints 
Mercury (Hg) has been shown to accumulate in whale meat, so care should be take to assure that Hg levels are within acceptable levels in the meal. The Hg content in the tissues was found to increase as the amount of whale meal of solubles increased in the diet of swine (3)(CAB 771460767) (Godfrey, 1977).
Pigs 
Whale meal replace meat and bone meal in a swine grower ration (20 to 85 kg) with no effect on feed conversion and gain observed (3)(CAB 771460767)(Godfrey, 1977). Replacing meat and bone meal with increasing amounts of whale solubles progressively decreased gain and feed conversion in growing swine (3)(CAB 771460767)(Godfrey, 1977).
Minks 
Replacement of 50 % of frozen pollack with whale meal did not reduce reproductive performance in minks, but did reduce pelt quality (2)(CAB 741417874) (Efimova, 1974).
Nutritional tables
Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value 

Avg: average or predicted value; SD: standard deviation; Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value; Nb: number of values (samples) used

IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This datasheet is pending revision and updating; its contents are currently derived from FAO's Animal Feed Resources Information System (1991-2002) and from Bo Göhl's Tropical Feeds (1976-1982).

Main analysis Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb
Dry matter % as fed 93.3 92.0 94.6 2
Crude protein % DM 75.6 58.4 92.8 2
Crude fibre % DM 0.0 0.0 0.0 2
Ether extract % DM 8.4 3.7 13.0 2
Ash % DM 14.6 2.2 27.0 2
Gross energy MJ/kg DM 21.1 *
 
Minerals Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb
Calcium g/kg DM 33.4 0.4 66.3 2
Phosphorus g/kg DM 17.3 0.9 33.7 2
 
Amino acids Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb
Arginine % protein 5.0 1
Cystine % protein 0.9 1
Histidine % protein 2.3 1
Isoleucine % protein 5.1 1
Leucine % protein 7.6 1
Lysine % protein 7.3 1
Methionine % protein 1.7 1
Phenylalanine % protein 4.4 1
Threonine % protein 6.5 1
Tryptophan % protein 1.0 1
Tyrosine % protein 2.3 1
Valine % protein 2.8 1
 
Pig nutritive values Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb
Energy digestibility, growing pig % 90.1 *
DE growing pig MJ/kg DM 19.0 *
Nitrogen digestibility, growing pig % 87.8 1

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.

References

Nehring, 1959; Pritchard et al., 1960; Woodman et al., 1948

Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:45:20

Main analysis Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb
Dry matter % as fed 50.0 1
Crude protein % DM 84.0 1
Ether extract % DM 0.4 1
 
Minerals Unit Avg SD Min Max Nb
Calcium g/kg DM 1.2 1
Phosphorus g/kg DM 6.0 1

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.

References

Mcdonald et al., 1953

Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:45:20

References
References 
Efimova, S. E., 1974. Walleyed pollack in feeds for mink. Krolikovodstvo i Zverovodstvo, 5: 8
Lassen, S. ; Bacon, E. K. ; Dunn, H. J., 1951. An evaluation of condensed whale solubles as a supplement in poultry nutrition. Poult. Sci., 30 (3): 422–425 web icon
McDonald, M. W. ; McClymont, G. L., 1953. Condensed whale solubles, an efficient replacement for meatmeal in chicken rations. Agric. Gaz. N. South Wales, 64 (6): 303-304, 324-325 web icon
Nehring, K., 1959. Futtermitteltabellen. Berlin, Neuman Verlag
Pritchard, H. ; Smith, P. A., 1960. Composition and amino acid content of high-grade whale meat meal. J. Sci. Food Agric., 11: 249-252 web icon
Woodman, H. E. ; Evans, R. E., 1948. The composition and nutritive value, when fed to pigs, of whale-meat meal, white-fish meal, feedingmeat meal, extracted decorticated ground-nut meal, bean meal and dried yeast. J. Agric. Sci., 38 (2): 200-206 web icon
6 references found
Datasheet citation 

DATASHEET UNDER CONSTRUCTION. DO NOT QUOTE. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/211 Last updated on March 16, 2010, 17:13

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