Triticale

IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This datasheet is pending revision and updating; its contents are currently derived from FAO's Animal Feed Resources Information System (1991-2002) and from Bo Göhl's Tropical Feeds (1976-1982).

Datasheet

Description

Click on the "Nutritional aspects" tab for recommendations for ruminants, pigs, poultry, rabbits, horses, fish and crustaceans

Species

x Triticosecale spp. [Poaceae]

Synonyms

x Triticale hexaploide E. Larter, x Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm.

Related feed(s)

Nutritional tables

Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value

Avg: average or predicted value; SD: standard deviation; Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value; Nb: number of values (samples) used

Triticale grain

Main analysis	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Dry matter	% as fed	87.1	1.3	83.6	90.6	2637
Crude protein	% DM	11.7	1.3	9.1	16.3	2622
Crude fibre	% DM	2.7	0.4	1.9	3.8	1225
NDF	% DM	14.6	1.6	11.1	18.0	155
ADF	% DM	3.7	0.4	2.9	4.6	163
Lignin	% DM	1.1	0.2	0.7	1.7	128
Ether extract	% DM	1.5	0.3	1.0	2.3	822
Ash	% DM	2.1	0.2	1.7	2.7	748
Starch (polarimetry)	% DM	67.6	2.1	62.0	72.2	1820
Total sugars	% DM	3.7	1.0	2.4	6.4	70
Gross energy	MJ/kg DM	18.1	0.2	17.9	18.7	64	*

Minerals	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Calcium	g/kg DM	0.7	0.3	0.2	1.4	175
Phosphorus	g/kg DM	3.9	0.3	3.2	4.7	252
Potassium	g/kg DM	5.8	0.8	4.7	7.9	17
Sodium	g/kg DM	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	29
Magnesium	g/kg DM	1.2	0.3	0.4	1.7	19
Manganese	mg/kg DM	24	14	11	69	17
Zinc	mg/kg DM	27	11	15	50	17
Copper	mg/kg DM	6	3	3	16	16
Iron	mg/kg DM	39	15	26	66	6

Amino acids	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Alanine	% protein	4.1	0.3	3.5	4.5	40
Arginine	% protein	5.2	0.3	4.3	5.6	54
Aspartic acid	% protein	6.1	0.5	5.2	7.0	41
Cystine	% protein	2.4	0.2	2.0	2.6	53
Glutamic acid	% protein	25.8	1.7	22.9	28.6	42
Glycine	% protein	4.2	0.2	3.8	4.5	47
Histidine	% protein	2.3	0.1	2.0	2.5	55
Isoleucine	% protein	3.5	0.3	2.9	3.9	57
Leucine	% protein	6.4	0.3	5.6	7.0	57
Lysine	% protein	3.5	0.3	3.0	4.0	90
Methionine	% protein	1.6	0.1	1.4	1.9	55
Phenylalanine	% protein	4.4	0.3	3.7	5.0	56
Proline	% protein	9.4	0.5	8.5	10.2	24
Serine	% protein	4.5	0.1	4.2	4.8	45
Threonine	% protein	3.2	0.2	2.8	3.4	60
Tryptophan	% protein	1.2	0.1	1.0	1.3	30
Tyrosine	% protein	2.9	0.2	2.4	3.2	46
Valine	% protein	4.6	0.2	4.0	5.1	57

Physical parameters	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Specific viscosity (AFNOR)	ml/g DM	4.24	1.28	2.19	7.26	30

Ruminant nutritive values	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
OM digestibility, Ruminant	%	88.1					*
Energy digestibility, ruminants	%	85.4					*
DE ruminants	MJ/kg DM	15.5					*
ME ruminants	MJ/kg DM	12.9					*
Nitrogen digestibility, ruminants	%	69.5					*
Nitrogen degradability (effective, k=6%)	%	77		77	78	2

Pig nutritive values	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Energy digestibility, growing pig	%	86.2	1.4	83.5	87.9	17	*
DE growing pig	MJ/kg DM	15.6	0.2	15.1	15.9	18	*
MEn growing pig	MJ/kg DM	15.1					*
NE growing pig	MJ/kg DM	11.9					*
Nitrogen digestibility, growing pig	%	83.9	2.8	77.6	87.6	18	*

Poultry nutritive values	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
AMEn cockerel	MJ/kg DM	14.2	0.3	13.8	14.6	7	*
AMEn broiler	MJ/kg DM	13.5	1.2	12.1	14.2	3	*

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.

References

ADAS, 1988; AFZ, 2011; AIRFAF, 1998; Al-Athari et al., 1988; Aufrère et al., 1991; Aw-Yong et al., 1983; Batterham et al., 1989; Bourdon et al., 1982; Charmeley et al., 1987; Cilliers et al., 1998; Fialho et al., 1995; Halvorson et al., 1983; Haydon et al., 1991; ITCF, 1993; Johnson et al., 1988; Karunajeewa et al., 1984; Karunajeewa et al., 1987; Leterme et al., 1989; Leterme et al., 1991; Mossé et al., 1988; Noblet, 2001; Perez et al., 1986; Rundgren, 1988; Skiba et al., 2000; Taverner et al., 1981; Umucalilar et al., 2002; Vilariño et al., 2005

Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:45:26

Triticale aerial part, fresh

Main analysis	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Dry matter	% as fed	31.6		21.6	41.6	2
Crude protein	% DM	12.4	8.4	5.0	28.4	10
Crude fibre	% DM	29.2				1
NDF	% DM	49.8	12.9	31.3	70.2	6
ADF	% DM	30.5	7.8	18.9	41.0	9
Lignin	% DM	3.8	0.9	2.2	4.6	6
Ether extract	% DM	2.7	0.2	2.5	2.8	3
Ash	% DM	6.6	1.1	5.2	8.6	7
Gross energy	MJ/kg DM	18.3					*

Ruminant nutritive values	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
OM digestibility, Ruminant	%	68.5					*
Energy digestibility, ruminants	%	65.5					*
DE ruminants	MJ/kg DM	12.0					*
ME ruminants	MJ/kg DM	9.7					*
a (N)	%	39.0				1
b (N)	%	54.0				1
c (N)	h-1	0.040				1
Nitrogen degradability (effective, k=4%)	%	66					*
Nitrogen degradability (effective, k=6%)	%	61					*

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.

References

CIRAD, 1991; Djouvinov et al., 1998; Fulkerson et al., 2008; FUSAGx/CRAW, 2009; McCartney et al., 1994

Last updated on 24/10/2012 00:45:35

Triticale straw

Main analysis	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Dry matter	% as fed	92.5	2.3	90.1	95.0	5
Crude protein	% DM	3.2	1.0	2.1	4.1	5
Crude fibre	% DM	39.2	3.2	35.4	42.9	5
NDF	% DM	75.1					*
ADF	% DM	47.5					*
Ether extract	% DM	2.2	0.1	2.1	2.4	4
Ash	% DM	5.4	1.4	4.1	7.7	5
Gross energy	MJ/kg DM	18.7					*

Minerals	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Calcium	g/kg DM	2.7	1.0	1.3	3.6	4
Phosphorus	g/kg DM	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.4	4
Potassium	g/kg DM	12.0	2.1	9.3	14.4	4
Sodium	g/kg DM	0.1		0.0	0.1	2
Magnesium	g/kg DM	0.7	0.4	0.4	1.2	4

Ruminant nutritive values	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
OM digestibility, Ruminant	%	49.9					*
Energy digestibility, ruminants	%	46.9					*
DE ruminants	MJ/kg DM	8.8					*
ME ruminants	MJ/kg DM	7.2					*

Pig nutritive values	Unit	Avg	SD	Min	Max	Nb
Energy digestibility, growing pig	%	16.1					*
DE growing pig	MJ/kg DM	3.0					*
MEn growing pig	MJ/kg DM	2.7					*
NE growing pig	MJ/kg DM	1.4					*

The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation.

References

Alibes et al., 1990; CIRAD, 1991; Pozy et al., 1996

Last updated on 08/02/2013 11:37:01

References

Al-Athari, A. K. ; Guenter, W., 1988. Nutritional value of triticale (Carman) for broiler diets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 22 (1-2): 119-130
Andueza, D. ; Delgado, I. ; Munoz, F., 2004. Nutritive value of hays made from different species of cereal for sheep. In: Land use systems in grassland dominated regions. Proc. 20th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, Luzern, Switzerland, 21-24 June 2004
Batterham, E. S. ; Saini, H. S. ; Andersen, L. M., 1989. The effect of mild heat on the nutritional value of triticale for growing pigs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 26 (3-4): 191-205
Chermiti, A., 1997. Prediction of voluntary forage intake in sheep using rumen chemical characteristics and degradation. Options Méditerranéennes, 34: 37-41
Graves-Chapel Farm, 2005. Forage wheat or triticale in a double crop system. Missouri Agricultural Experimental Station, University of Missouri
Mossé, J. ; Huet, J. C. ; Baudet, J., 1988. The amino acid composition of triticale grain as a function of nitrogen content: comparison with wheat and rye. J. Cereal Sci., 7 (1): 49-60
Perttilä, S. ; Valaja, J. ; Jalava, T., 2005. Apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids and metabolisable energy value in grains for broilers. Agric. Food Sci., 14 (4): 325-344
Price, P. B. ; Parsons, J.G., 1975. Lipids of seven cereal grains. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 52 (12): 490-493
Sullivan, Z.; Honeyman, M.; Gibson, L.; McGuire, J.; Nelson, M., 2005. Feeding small grains to swine. Iowa State University, University Extension, PM1994 2005
Vacha, F. ; Vejsada, P. ; Huda, J., 2006. Cereal additional feeding in relation to organoleptic characteristic of common carp flesh. Relation of environment, fish culture and common carp flesh quality. Bulletin - VURH Vodnany, 42 (3): 101-104

Datasheet citation

DATASHEET UNDER CONSTRUCTION. DO NOT QUOTE. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/6476 Last updated on September 19, 2012, 18:19

Image credits

Gilles Tran / AFZ

Sponsored by

Automatic translation

Feed categories

Scientific names

Tools

Resources

Triticale