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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) panicle
https://www.feedipedia.org/content/rice-straw-ground-after-harvest-central-vietnam

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Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa)

Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is an annual or biannual viny legume with a... Read more

Carib grass (Eriochloa ploystachya) seed head, USA

Carib grass (Eriochloa polystachya H.B.K.) is valuable pasture grass native to... Read more

Bird's foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), habit, Spain

Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) is a legume mainly grown for fodder... Read more

Arundo donax, Jardin des Plantes, Paris

The giant reed (Arundo donax L.) is a very tall herbaceous grass, common and... Read more

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is grown for its oil or its fibre, depending on... Read more

Black thorn (Acacia mellifera), branch, leaves and thorns, Pelindaba, South Africa

The black thorn (Acacia mellifera (M. Vahl) Benth.) is an African shrub or small... Read more

Maize germ meal (corn germ meal) is the by-product of oil extraction from maize germs... Read more

Sour clover (Melilotus indicus)

Sour clover (Melilotus indicus (L.) All.) is an erect annual forage legume, up... Read more

Harvested rice, Central Vietnam

Rough rice, also called paddy rice, is the whole rice grain with the hulls (about 20% of... Read more

Rye (Secale cereale) grain

Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a winter-hardy annual or biennial grass. It is mostly... Read more

Red clover flowers

The red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a short-lived perennial (2-4 years)... Read more

Narbonne vetch (Vicia narbonensis), habit

The Narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.) is an annual legume with thick, angular... Read more

Linseeds

Linseeds are the seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum L.). Flax is grown... Read more

Housefly maggots

The housefly (Musca domestica Linnaeus 1758) is the most common fly (Diptera)... Read more

Duckweeds: Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor, and Wolffia arrhiza

Duckweeds are tiny free-floating vascular plants found throughout the world on fresh (or... Read more

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) straw as feed for cattle

The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is an annual herbaceous legume... Read more

Cottonseed hulls

Cottonseed hulls are the outer coverings of cotton seeds, and the by-products of the... Read more

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum), white and green seeds

The chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major grain legume cultivated for its... Read more

Common bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris) var. Pinto

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a major grain legume consumed... Read more

The cotton harvest leaves several residues in the field, such as stalks, side branches,... Read more

Caribbean stylo (Stylosanthes hamata), mixed stand with other legume, Queensland, Australia

The Caribbean stylo (Stylosanthes hamata (L.)Taub.) is a semi-erect, annual or... Read more

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Broadening horizons

By Harinder Makkar1, Abay Bekele2, Yosef Seyoum Mulugeta3, Andinet Adamu2, Redwan Getachew Asfaw3, Wesinew Adugna Bekele3, Abdinur Ali Warfa3, Degefa Wayessa4, Merkeb Belay2 & Genene Regassa2

1International Consultant, Sustainable Bioeconomy, Vienna, Austria
2Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Germany (VSF-G), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
3Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Suisse (VSF-S), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
4Food and AgriculturalOrganization of the United Nations (FAO) Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

During droughts, grass on the soil disappears. Only greens available on the rangelands are browses, shrubs and trees. A large biomass is available in situ, which the animals do not consume, mainly due to the presence of tannins. Browse-aid provision to animals enables them to start using browses as animal feed, not only preventing deaths but also maintaining and even enhancing body weight during drought emergencies. The cost of this approach is lower than those of other approaches used during droughts to prevent livestock deaths.

Recent resources

Opinion paper: Phasing out of the aid provided to the livestock sector during expectedly recurrent emergencies - Makkar, 2024. animal

Open access opinion paper that makes a case that the emergency aid do more harm than good to African countries. It is valid for all the fields of agriculture but has direct consequence for animal agriculture. The context here is the aid provided during emergencies that are foreseeable recurrent.

The role of livestock in food security, poverty reduction and wealth creation in West Africa The role of livestock in food security, poverty reduction and wealth creation in West Africa - Molina-Flores et al., 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Accra, 2020

Livestock is key to 377 million people in West Africa and in some countries, up to 60% of the population is involved in livestock production. The demand for animal products is increasing with population growth, urbanization, growing middle class, and due to shifting consumer preferences towards animal products. To meet this growing demand, countries in West Africa must engage in accelerated sustainable livestock production undertaking. Livestock development is key to eradicate hunger and poverty. This book attempts to provide up-to-date, and reliable information on the potentials, opportunities, and challenges of the livestock subsector in West Africa. 

Pulses and their byproducts as animal feed Pulses and their by-products as animal feed - Sherasia et al., 2017. In: Calles, T.; Makkar, H. P. S. (Eds), FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy

This document provides a state-of-the-art review of the recent research (published and unpublished) on the use of pulses and their by-products as animal feed. It aims at raising awareness on the use of pulses and their by-products. It highlights the nutritional role of pulses and pulse by-products as animal feed and is a contribution to the legacy of the 2016 International Year of Pulses. This document will further enhance the use of these feed resources in other continents, besides Asia, where many pulse by-products are simply dumped. It is also expected that the synthesis presented contributes to make the use of pulses and their by-products as animal feed more efficient. This document will be useful for extension workers, researchers, feed industry, policy-makers and donors alike.

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