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https://www.feedipedia.org/content/freedom-ranger-broilers
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) panicle
https://www.feedipedia.org/content/rice-straw-ground-after-harvest-central-vietnam

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African laburnum (Cassia sieberiana) flowers

African laburnum (Cassia sieberiana DC.) is a perennial legume shrub or tree, up... Read more

Itchgrass

Itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton) is an annual grass weed... Read more

Bamboo leaves

Bambusa bambos is a perennial Poaceae with a 24-32 year life cycle. It grows in... Read more

Coffee tree (Coffea arabica), fruit and leaves, Maui

The coffee bean (Coffea arabica L.) is used to make one of the most popular... Read more

Papaya tree at Kahanu Gardens, Maui

The papaya tree (Carica papaya L.) is a fast growing perennial branchless tree... Read more

Pangola seedheads, Haiku, Maui

Pangola grass (Digitaria eriantha Steud) is a tropical grass widespread in many... Read more

Fish meal

Fish meal is obtained by cooking, pressing, drying and milling fresh raw fish or fish... Read more

Olive oil processing

Olive oil extraction generates several by-products that can be used to feed animals,... Read more

Albizia lebbeck (Siris tree), Hawaii

Lebbek (Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.) is a deciduous, perennial medium-sized... Read more

Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora), flowers and leaves, Hawaii

Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC), one of the 44 species of Prosopis... Read more

Cocksfoot flowers, Maui, Hawaii

Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a strongly tufted, deep-rooted, long-lived... Read more

Sewan grass, Israël

Sewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus Henrard) is a perennial grass that can live up... Read more

Olive trees (Olea europaea) and browsing sheep, Andalusia, Spain

The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a slow growing evergreen tree that reaches... Read more

Nigeria grass (Pennisetum pedicellatum) inflorescence, Burkina Faso

Nigeria grass (Pennisetum pedicellatum Trin.) is a many-branched leafy annual... Read more

Paspalum dilatatum

Dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.) is a strongly tufted, leafy, sod-forming... Read more

Coconuts (drying), Kerala, India

Copra meal, or coconut meal, is an important feed ingredient and the by-product of the... Read more

Molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora) inflorescences

Molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.) is a sticky, tufted,... Read more

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits

Date fruit production yields several crop residues, including date palm leaves (fronds),... Read more

Corn distillers processing

Corn distillers grain is the main by-product of the distillation of alcohol from maize... Read more

Jaragua (Hyparrhenia rufa), habit, Hawaii

Jaragua (Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf) is a robust, tall (60-240 cm) and erect... Read more

Columbus grass (Sorghum x almum), habit, USA

Columbus grass (Sorghum x almum Parodi) is a robust, tussocky, short-lived... Read more

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Broadening horizons

By Harinder Makkar1, Abay Bekele2, Yosef Seyoum Mulugeta3, Andinet Adamu2, Redwan Getachew Asfaw3, Wesinew Adugna Bekele3, Abdinur Ali Warfa3, Degefa Wayessa4, Merkeb Belay2 & Genene Regassa2

1International Consultant, Sustainable Bioeconomy, Vienna, Austria
2Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Germany (VSF-G), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
3Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Suisse (VSF-S), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
4Food and AgriculturalOrganization of the United Nations (FAO) Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

During droughts, grass on the soil disappears. Only greens available on the rangelands are browses, shrubs and trees. A large biomass is available in situ, which the animals do not consume, mainly due to the presence of tannins. Browse-aid provision to animals enables them to start using browses as animal feed, not only preventing deaths but also maintaining and even enhancing body weight during drought emergencies. The cost of this approach is lower than those of other approaches used during droughts to prevent livestock deaths.

Recent resources

Opinion paper: Phasing out of the aid provided to the livestock sector during expectedly recurrent emergencies - Makkar, 2024. animal

Open access opinion paper that makes a case that the emergency aid do more harm than good to African countries. It is valid for all the fields of agriculture but has direct consequence for animal agriculture. The context here is the aid provided during emergencies that are foreseeable recurrent.

The role of livestock in food security, poverty reduction and wealth creation in West Africa The role of livestock in food security, poverty reduction and wealth creation in West Africa - Molina-Flores et al., 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Accra, 2020

Livestock is key to 377 million people in West Africa and in some countries, up to 60% of the population is involved in livestock production. The demand for animal products is increasing with population growth, urbanization, growing middle class, and due to shifting consumer preferences towards animal products. To meet this growing demand, countries in West Africa must engage in accelerated sustainable livestock production undertaking. Livestock development is key to eradicate hunger and poverty. This book attempts to provide up-to-date, and reliable information on the potentials, opportunities, and challenges of the livestock subsector in West Africa. 

Pulses and their byproducts as animal feed Pulses and their by-products as animal feed - Sherasia et al., 2017. In: Calles, T.; Makkar, H. P. S. (Eds), FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy

This document provides a state-of-the-art review of the recent research (published and unpublished) on the use of pulses and their by-products as animal feed. It aims at raising awareness on the use of pulses and their by-products. It highlights the nutritional role of pulses and pulse by-products as animal feed and is a contribution to the legacy of the 2016 International Year of Pulses. This document will further enhance the use of these feed resources in other continents, besides Asia, where many pulse by-products are simply dumped. It is also expected that the synthesis presented contributes to make the use of pulses and their by-products as animal feed more efficient. This document will be useful for extension workers, researchers, feed industry, policy-makers and donors alike.

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